全国乙卷英语试题及答案(文字版)2022

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2022年高考于6月7日开始，目前2022年新高考真题已经揭晓，同学们对自己的分数一定会感兴趣。 以下是小编为大家收集的全国乙卷英语试题及答案(图文版)。 我希望你帮助大家。全国乙卷英语试题及答案、2022年普通高等学校招生全国统考，英文，注意事项：1 .试卷前，考生必须将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选择各题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上相应问题的答案标签涂黑。 需要变更时，用橡皮擦干净，然后选择其他回答符号涂上。 回答选择题以外的情况下，把回答写在答题卡上，写在试卷上也无效。3 .考试结束后，将本卷和答题卡一起提交。全国乙卷地区：河南、安徽、江西、山西、陕西、黑龙江、吉林、甘肃、内蒙古、青海、宁夏、新疆、a，HenryRaeburn(1756-1823 )、The Exhibition、 thisexhibitionofsomesixtymasterpiecescelebratingthelifeandworkofscotland’sbestlovedpainter，Sir Henry Raeburn， comest olondon.selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld，itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyears . 讲座系列，肖像画gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.theyareheldinthelectureroom.admissiontolecturesisfree . exhibition tition Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45 lastadmissiontotheexhibition :17.15.there is nore-admisssse yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree .Schools and Colleges，A special low entrance charge of？ 2 perpersonisavailabletoallinfull-time education，uptoandincludingthoseatfirstdegreelevel，in organised groups with teachers .A. Sun. 26 Oct. B. Thurs. 30 Oct .C. Thurs. 6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov .2.howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder 4. B . 8. C . 12. D . 16 .3.howcanfull-timestudentsgetgroupdiscounts？A. They should go on Sunday mornings .B. They should come from art schools .C. They must be led by teachers .d.theymusthaveid 、【1题详细解】、详细理解问题。 根据表格右上角的raeburn’senglishcontemporaries部分“Thursday30oct.(10月30日星期四)”，10月30日星期四向raeburn’senglishcontemporaries 所以选b项。【2题详细解】、详细理解问题。 管理部分“？ 4.children under 12 yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.(4英镑)。 12岁以下儿童在成人陪同下免费入场。 》称，一对夫妇4 (对应8英镑，两个12岁以下的孩子在成人陪同下免费，即入场费8英镑。 所以选b项。 【3题详细解】，详细理解问题。 最后一段“A special low entrance charge of？ 2 perpersonisavailabletoallinfull -

time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in  organised groups with  teachers.(所有全日制教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场费。)”可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。故选C项。,B,In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.  Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky  Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith  College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to  instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.  Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected  Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a  magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.Why did they go then? Well,  they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had  undertaken.They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had  little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke  up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the  schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was  replaced by mud over ice.In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the  West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go  to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which  entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The  book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.Wickenden is a very good  storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her  to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse,  looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it  shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked  only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned  white in the winter.”,4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?,A.To teach in a school.,B.To study American history.,C. To write a book.,D.To do sightseeing.,5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?,A. They enjoyed much respect. B.They had a room with a bathtub.,C.They lived with the local kids. D.They suffered severe hardships.,6. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?,A. The extreme climate of Auburn.,B.The living conditions in Elkhead.,C. The railroad building in the Rockies.,D. The natural beauty of the West.,7. What is the text?,A. A news report.,B. A book review.,C. A children’s story.,D.A diary entry.,【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B,【解析】,【导语】这是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。,【4题详解】,细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from  Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement  in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.  (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩——Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond  Underwood——来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A项。,【5题详解】,推理判断题。根据第三段“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like  them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when  they woke up in the  morning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring,  the snow was replaced by mud over  ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D项。,【6题详解】,细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the  railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding  snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。,【7题详解】,推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to  Auburn.(这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very good  storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to  some beautiful writing.(  Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B项。,C,Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of  railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros  each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky”  technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and  infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are  already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do  precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of  rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching  points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety,  reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and  operations would be more efficient(高效)across the board.That includes huge  savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.  It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion  euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at  night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work  that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.By using the  latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for  railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any  safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying  overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the  future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to  run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling  ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see  ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able  to react in time.,8. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?,A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.,B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.,C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.,D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.,9. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?,A. Personnel safety.,B.Assistance from drones.,C. Inspection and repair.,D.Construction of infrastructure.,10. What function is expected of the rail drones?,A.To provide early warning. B.To make trains run automatically.,C.To earn profits for the crews.,D. To accelerate transportation.,11. Which is the most suitable title for the text?,A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones,B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded,C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face,D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways,【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D,【解析】,【导语】本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼”的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。,【8题详解】,细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Drones are already being used to examine high-tension  electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway  lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct  position of railway tracks and switching  points.(无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置)”可知使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。,【9题详解】,词义猜测题。根据后文“It is calculated that European railways alone spend  approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending  maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail  infrastructure.  (据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施)”可知花在maintenance上的费用是用于“inspect  and repair the rail infrastructure (检查和维修铁路基础设施”，由此可知“That includes huge savings  in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel  safety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，划线词和 C项：Inspection and repair(检修)含义相近。故选C。,【10题详解】,推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones  of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and  programmed to run  autonomously(工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念:未来的铁路无人机。它们将在列车前方的轨道上运行，并被设定为自动运行)”可知铁路无人机有望让火车自动运行。故选B。,【11题详解】,主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and  reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save  billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s  “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometers of  rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a24/7  basis.(一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元?这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。)”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全;第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。,D,The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money  as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the  policy has shown.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft  drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce  childhood obesity(肥胖). It is believed that today's children and teenagers are  consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher  risk of the disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ?520m a year  for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make  less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate ?240m for the  year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It comes after more  than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by  manufacturers(制造商)so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45  million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the  charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been  forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce  or import, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like  Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for  fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic  drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m  litres per year.Today's figures, according to one government official, show the  positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for  sports facilities(设施)and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next  generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and  the industry is playing its part.,12. Why was the sugar tax introduced?,A. To collect money for schools.,B. To improve the quality of drinks.,C. To protect children’s health.,D. To encourage research in education.,13. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?,A. They turned to overseas markets.,B. They raised the prices of their products.,C. They cut down on their production.,D. They reduced their products’ sugar content.,14. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?,A. Most alcoholic drinks.,B. Milk-based drinks.,C. Fruit juices.,D. Classic Coke.,15. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?,A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story.,C. It benefits manufacturers.,D.It upsets customers.,【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B,【解析】,【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及青少年的健康问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。,【12题详解】,细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to  soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help  reduce childhood obesity  .(该税于2016年4月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。)”可知，征收糖税的目的是帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C项。,【13题详解】,细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops  have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the  tax.(此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半的软饮料的含糖量，以避免纳税。)”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D项。,【14题详解】,细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have  accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting  consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of  the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per  year.(然而，一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。)”可知，糖税主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。,【15题详解】,推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Today’s figures, according to one government official, show  the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for  sports facilities and healthier eating in  schools.(根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了数百万英镑)”可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故选B项。,第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分),根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendship needs care and  attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持)  long-distance friendships.·Set a regular dateLong-lasting friendships share the  characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another.  With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.·More  isn’t always merrierMake sure you have communicated with your friend about how  frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you  both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such  as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.·Practise empathy (共情)___18___.  The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time  demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment  should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel  abandoned.·___19___Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in  long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day  communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply  keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates  will make sure nothing slips by you.·Don’t rely on technology alone___20___, but  long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort  to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just  spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.,A. Remember important dates,B. Compensate by writing letters,C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper,D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it,E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication,F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media,G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind,【答案】16 D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F,【解析】,【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。,【16题详解】,上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a  challenge.”(平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。)讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去”给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。,【17题详解】,上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently  each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you  both.”(确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。)提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B项“可以通过写信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“There  are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice  messages or having a group  chat.”(除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语音或者组建群聊。)补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“constant written  communication”呼应了B项的“writing letters”。故选B项。,【18题详解】,下文“The friend who is remaining”(留下来的朋友)和“The one in the new  environment”(在新环境中的那个)提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the  friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new  environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。,【19题详解】,分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry  even more weight in long-distance  friendships.”(周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。)讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A项。,【20题详解】,设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require  more conscious effort to  sustain.”(但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。)讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require  more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on  technology alone”(不要仅仅依赖技术)中的“technology”。故选F项。,语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分),第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分),阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Young children across the globe  enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly  exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be  seen.However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at  hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of  their bodies ___23___ .For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was  ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的)  creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology  ___26___ that idea.We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in  Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own  eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the  adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___  happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they  couldn’t ___32___ to her.A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children  misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young  subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their  ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only  if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and  regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her  head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method  ___40___ when others use it.,21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing,22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick,23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced,24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D.interpreted,25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D.desired,26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested,27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor,28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears,29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool,30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident,31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once,32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave,33. A. instructions B. descriptions C.experiments D.assumptions,34. A. comprehended B. predicted C.explored D.ignored,35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly,36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D.sensitivity,37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose,38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up,39. A. limitations B. requirements C.theories D.findings,40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D.effective,【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A  33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D,【解析】,【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，只遮住自己的眼睛并不是自我中心主义的结果，而是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重。,【21题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，避开别人的目光，让自己无法被别人看到，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。A. following跟随;B.  taking取走;C. escaping避开;D. directing指导。根据上文“Young children across the globe enjoy  playing games of hide and seek.”可知，儿童喜欢玩捉迷藏，避开别人的目光。故选C项。,【22题详解】,考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们都看到学龄前儿童非常不善于隐藏。A. clever聪明的;B. bad不擅长的;C. scared害怕的;D.  quick快的。根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest  of their bodies”可知，儿童不擅长隐藏，be bad at sth.表示“不擅长某事”。故选B项。,【23题详解】,考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常只用手遮住眼睛，其余的身体暴露在外。A. exposed无遮蔽的;B. examined已检查过的;C.  untouched未受影响的;D. imbalanced失衡的。根据上文“They often cover only their eyes with their  hands, leaving the rest of their  bodies”可知，儿童只是用手遮住了眼睛，身体的其余部分无遮蔽，是暴露在外的。故选A项。,【24题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：长期以来，这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为儿童是无可救药的“自我中心”生物的证据。A. supported支持;B.  guaranteed保证;C. imagined想象;D. interpreted解释。根据下文“as evidence that children are  hopelessly “egocentric” creatures.”可知，此处表示这种无效的隐藏方法被解释为证据，证明儿童是以自我为中心的。故选D项。,【25题详解】,考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. disappointing令人失望的;B.  mixed混合的;C. surprising令人惊讶的;D. desired渴望的。根据下文“research results in child  developmental psychology _6_ that idea.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点相矛盾，所以研究结果是令人惊讶的。故选C项。,【26题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在儿童发展心理学方面令人惊讶的研究结果与这一观点相矛盾。A. explained解释;B. confirmed证实;C.  contradicted相矛盾;D. tested测试。根据下文“Our 19 suggest when a child “hides” by putting  a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children  consider this method _ 20 _ when others use it.”可知，研究结果与之前的观点是相矛盾的。故选C项。,【27题详解】,考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. parent父母亲;B. child儿童;C.  researcher研究员;D. doctor医生。根据上文“We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds  in Development Lab at USC.”可知，儿童参加实验，此处表示每个儿童和一个成年人坐在一起。故选B项。,【28题详解】,考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个儿童都和一个成年人坐在一起，成年人遮住自己的眼睛或耳朵。A. feet脚;B. nose鼻子;C. hands手;D.  ears耳朵。根据下文“or hear the  adult”可知，实验中，儿童被询问是否能听到成年人的声音，所以此处表示成年人遮住了自己的耳朵。故选D项。,【29题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们问儿童是否能看到或听到成年人的声音。A. see看见;B. help帮助;C. reach到达;D.  fool欺骗。根据上文“an adult who covered her own  eyes”可知，成年人遮住了自己的眼睛，所以此处儿童被询问是否能看见成年人。故选A项。,【30题详解】,考查名词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. event大事;B. thing事情;C.  action行动;D. accident事故。根据下文“children said that they couldn’t _12_ to  her.”可知，此处表示同样的事情发生了，孩子们表示不能和捂住嘴的成年人说话了。故选B项。,【31题详解】,考查副词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. Yet然而;B. Now此刻;C.  Soon很快;D. Once一次。根据语境，此处表示当成年人捂住自己的嘴时，这时孩子们说不能和成年人说话了。故选B项。,【32题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：当成年人捂住她自己的嘴时，同样的事情发生了：此刻孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A. speak说;B. listen听;C.  turn转;D. wave挥手。根据上文“when the adult covered her own  mouth”可知，此处孩子们表示他们不能和成年人说话了。故选A项。,【33题详解】,考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多实验排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题。A. instructions命令;B. descriptions说明;C.  experiments实验;D. assumptions假设。根据语境，此处表示上文中的许多实验排除了孩子们会误解问题这一情况。故选C项。,【34题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. comprehended理解;B.  predicted预测;C. explored探索;D. ignored忽略。根据下文“the questions and knew _15_ what was  asked of them”可知，儿童理解了问题，并能确切地知道自己被问了什么。故选A项。,【35题详解】,考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果很清楚：我们的年轻受试者理解了这些问题，并且确切地知道他们被问到了什么。A. partly部分地;B.  honestly诚实地;C. vaguely含糊地;D. exactly确切地。根据下文“what was asked of them. Their 16 to  the questions reflected their true _17_  ”可知，孩子们确切地知道自己被问了什么，他们的答案反映了他们真实的看法。故选D项。,【36题详解】,考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. responses回答;B.  approaches方法;C. contribution贡献;D. sensitivity敏感性。根据下文“to the  questions”可知，此处表示孩子们对于问题的回答。故选A项。,【37题详解】,考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们对这些问题的回答反映了他们真正的看法：“只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。”A. ability能力;B.  belief看法;C. identity身份;D. purpose目的。根据下文“I can see you only if you can see me,  too.”可知，此处表示孩子们真正的看法。故选B项。,【38题详解】,考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们只是坚持相互承认和尊重。A. hold back阻止;B. relate to有关联;C. insist on坚持;D.  make up弥补。根据上文“I can see you only if you can see me,  too.”可知，孩子们的看法体现了他们坚持相互的承认和尊重。故选C项。,【39题详解】,考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究结果表明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子“隐藏”时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。A. limitations限制;B.  requirements必要条件;C. theories理论;D. findings调查发现。根据上文“We brought young children  aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at  USC.”可知，此处表示实验的研究结果表明孩子的“隐藏”并不是自我中心主义的结果。故选D项。,【40题详解】,考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的。A. tentative实验性的;B.  impressive令人印象深刻的;C. creative创造性的;D. effective有效的。根据上文“They simply 18 mutual  recognition and regard.”可知，孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重，所以当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子会认为它是有效的。故选D项。,第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分),阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。,May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named  officially ___41___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate  ___42___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman  Museum in Beijing on Thursday.The chairman of the China Culture Promotion  Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the  International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___44___ (large)  tea-producing country, China has a ___45___ (responsible)to work with other  countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to  build a community with a ___46___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.The  “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the  ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to  promote international cooperation ___47___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea  promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the  initiative.___48___(strengthen)the connection with young people, the event  included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___49___  (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six  hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was  officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ____50____ (it)first  exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.,【答案】41.by 42. the,43. addressed,44. largest,45. responsibility,46. shared 47. and,48. To strengthen,49. inviting,50. its,【解析】,【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。,【41题详解】,考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。,【42题详解】,考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea  Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。,【43题详解】,考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。,【44题详解】,考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。,【45题详解】,考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。,【46题详解】,考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。,【47题详解】,考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international  cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。,【48题详解】,考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To  strengthen。,【49题详解】,考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the  event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。,【50题详解】,考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。,第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分),第一节，短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分),51.  假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改,增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。,删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。,修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。,注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;,2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。,We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people  who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the  combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a  bicycle, you don’t use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not  cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They  often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were  traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with  bicycle.,【答案】1. greatly→great,2. lives→live,3. 在because后加of,4. Whether →If 或Whether →When,5. they → you,6. cause→causing,7. 去掉have后的been,8. what→which,9. were→are,10. bicycle→bicycles,【解析】,【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者表述了骑自行车这项运动可以带来的好处。,【详解】1.考查形容词。句意:  我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好的运动。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。,2.考查主谓一致。句意：医生告诉我，寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。people是集合名词，谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。,3.考查介词。句意：也许是因为新鲜空气、流畅的运动和锻炼的结合。because表示“因为”，后面接从句，短语because  of表示“因为”，后面接名词、代词、动名词等作宾语，the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and  exercise是名词短语。故在because后加of。,4.考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候你是不用汽油的。由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导;位于句首，注意首字母大写。故将Whether改为If或改为When。,5.考查代词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。根据前一句中的人称you可知，这里假设“你”骑自行车，前后人称应保持一致。故将they改为you。,6.考查非谓语动词。句意：所以你不会制造出二氧化碳，也不会造成空气污染。本句时态为现在进行时，连词and连接两个并列的现在分词，构成进行时。故将cause改为causing。,7.考查语态。句意：看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。主语cars与动词take  over之间是主谓关系，应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。,8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which  引导。故将what改为which。,9.考查时态。句意：还有交通堵塞。根据上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时。故将were改为are。,10.考查名词。句意：如果用自行车代替汽车，我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。,第二节书面表达(满分25分),52. 学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the  Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：,1. 学习活动状况描述：,2. 简单评论;,3. 你的建议。,,注意：,1. 词数100左右;,2. 短文的题目和首句已为你写好。,【答案】,Learning English Beyond the Classroom,Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an  increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the classroom  in various ways.,It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening  to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and 50%.  However, those choosing reading English books and visiting English learning  websites only account for 18% and 12%.,As far as I’m concerned, it is a disturbing trend. For students, what  benefits most to their study is reading English books. Because of their lack of  self-discipline, they’re more easily addicted to chatting online or playing  games. It’s urgent for students themselves to improve their self-discipline, and  it’s also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance.,【解析】,【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文给学校英文报投稿。,【详解】1.词汇积累,选择：choose→select,提高：improve→strengthen,各种各样的：various→diverse,就我而言：as far as I’m concerned→from my perspective,2.句式拓展,简单句变复合句,原句：Nowadays, with the growing popularity of smartphones and computers, an  increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond the Classroom  in various ways.,拓展句：Nowadays, because smartphones and computers are becoming more and more  popular, an increasing number of students are choosing to learn English beyond  the Classroom in various ways.,【点睛】【高分句型1】It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose  listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively 65% and  50%.(运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句以及who引导的定语从句),【高分句型2】It's urgent for students themselves to improve their  self-discipline(运用了it作形式主语，to improve their self-discipline为真正的主语),填报高考志愿：如何填好两种志愿,1.第一志愿至关重要,什么是志愿级差分。又称学校级差分，是指高校在录取第一志愿考生和第二志愿考生时最低录取控制分数线的分数差。即：第二志愿考生按减去志愿级差分后的分数作为学校排分来确定录取。,学校在招生章程中一般都表示不拒绝招收第二志愿考生，但同时又作出一些限制性规定。如：“第一志愿生源不足时，招收第二志愿考生”。“预留招生计划5%的名额招收第二志愿考生”。志愿级差分通常在30—50分之间，个别院校高达80分，但也有些高校不设志愿级差。,确保第一志愿万无一失。高校当第一志愿人数比较充裕时，一般不再录取第二志愿的考生。重点大学第一志愿的录取比例很高，占被录取考生的95%以上，一般院校80%左右。考生和家长要将所有精力和智慧用在使所报志愿能确保被第一志愿院校录取上，力争不出现失误，要慎之又慎，稳之又稳。如果因几分之差被一志愿院校拒绝，“下嫁”到第二志愿院校，损失的将是三五十分，甚至更多。同一所中学或家属院内，高考成绩差不多的两名考生，一个上了北京理工大学，一个却上了北京工商大学，就是因为后者第一志愿报了北京航空航天大学而以第二志愿录取到工商大学，冒险和侥幸心理导致了重大失策。,“平均分”参考意义最大。考生在填报志愿时一定要走出只关注提档线的误区，而应当详细了解欲报高校近三年实际录取的“实线”——最低分、最高分、平均分。最低分作志愿填报参考依据的风险非常大，多半要失败。最高分意味着考生在选择专业时有很大的自主性，录取把握大。平均分最重要，最有实际意义。如果某考生的分数在该校录取平均分上下，在不发生以外的情况下，可以说稳操胜券。很多人主张用平均分或平均分与最低分之间分数段来考虑志愿。,不要指望“附加分”取胜。各高校是按计入附加分的总分投档，但进档考生录取专业时是按实考分排序、分专业的。若高校按招生计划的120%提档，最终被退档的很可能是靠附加分进档的考生，所以按实考分报志愿才有把握。,2.第二志愿不可忽视,不能放弃第二志愿。很多考生出于自信或不了解第二志愿的含义，在志愿表的第二志愿一栏为空白，这实际上是放弃第二志愿。这种情况下一旦第一志愿未被录取，则当年无学可上。,留出足够空间。第一志愿和第二志愿院校要适当拉开档次，给第二志愿录取留下足够空间。否则，会导致步步落空，全线崩溃。,确认招收二志愿的高校。途径有两条：一是直接与欲报考院校联系咨询，须得到准确答复是否招收第二志愿考生，是否存在志愿级差分等附加条件。二是阅读欲报志愿院校当年的《招生章程》，确认招收第二志愿考生的明确规定。,平行志愿录取原则。北京市本科批次的第二志愿实行平行志愿。平行志愿按照“分数优先，遵循志愿”的原则进行录取。对同一科类批次线上未被录取的考生按分数从高分到低分排序进行投档，每个考生投档时，根据考生所填报平行志愿从A到C学校的志愿顺序，投档到排序在前且有计划余额的学校。平行志愿投档时各学校的调档比例统一为100%，相同分数的考生符合同一所学校投档条件时同时投档，各批次的平行志愿实行一轮投档。,3.专业排序勿忘“五要点”,专业级差分——跟志愿级差分一样的道理，同一高校的五个专业之间在录取时一般也是有级差分的，若考生的成绩未达到第一志愿专业的录取分数，则其总分减去专业级差分后参与第二志愿专业排序。专业级差分一般在3—5分之间，但也有学校不设专业级差分。,有的考生成绩高于所报志愿学校的最低录取分数但仍未被录取。原因是：所填的几个专业录取分数都比较高，其成绩没有达到所报专业的要求;或者当第一专业未被录取时，第二专业按照级差分又达不到所需分数;专业不服从调剂。,专业的选择和排序可从五个方面来考虑和确定。第一，要选择你的分数能“够得着”的专业;第二，所选专业是考生喜欢或能够接受，至少是不反对的专业;第三，根据你所报的专业该校往年录取分数从高分到低分排序(可从《全国普通高等院校在北京招生录取分数分布统计》和欲报院校招生宣传资料中获取所需信息);将专业排序的初步方案向高校招生办咨询，并作必要调整;第五，填写“专业服从调剂”。, 2022全国新高考II卷英语试题及答案, 2022高考全国乙卷试题及答案(理科), 2022年高考数学全国乙卷(理科)试题答案(预测), 2022全国甲卷高考英语试题及答案解析, 2022年全国乙卷理科数学试卷及答案, 2022高考理科数学乙卷试题解析, 2022高考全国乙卷理科数学真题(解析), 2022年全国乙卷作文范文3篇, 2022年全国乙卷高考数学(文)真题及答案, 全国乙卷2022高考语文试题及答案

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